التوصيف الوراثي لبعض أنماط الجاموس المحلية باستخدام تقنيات الوراثة الجزيئية "GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME LOCAL BOS BUBALUS BUBALIS TYPES USING MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES

                                "The present investigation was carried out with the aim of (1) studying the polymorphism of selected 15 polymorphic microsatellite derived from Bovine and Ovine species; (2) studying genetic diversity  in Delta and Upper-Egypt buffalo in comparison with the Italian buffalo (representing the Mediterranean buffalo); (3) testing probable association between genotypic pattern of used microsatellites and QTL affecting total milk yield; and (4) exploring the utilization of divergently selected sub-populations with wide variation for detecting QTL associated with milk production.  A total number of 271 animals classified into five groups were used.  Three groups were used for biodiversity study; 28, 38 and 38 representing the Delta, Upper-Egypt and Italian buffalo, respectively, and two groups of 84 and 83 animals, respectively representing the individuals with the highest and the lowest 10% of estimated breeding value (mean±1.25 to 1.30 SD) for the total milk yield (TMY) in three of the experimental farms belonging to the Ministry of Agriculture.  The latter groups were used for studying probable linkage with QTL.  All studied microsatellites showed polymorphism in all studied groups.  Number of polymorphic alleles ranged between four (CSSM38 and CSSM70) and twelve (CSSM47 and RM4). Studied groups showed variation in the number of detected polymorphic alleles.  The highest polymorphism in detected alleles over all loci was shown by the high yielding group followed by the low yielding being 100 and 94, respectively, whilst the lowest polymorphic alleles were shown by the Italian buffalo (73 alleles).  Unique alleles have been observed for some group(s) with low frequency (between 0.01 and 0.17 for single population).  All studied loci (except CYP21) showed significant heterogeneity in allele frequency in different studied groups.

Key words: Bos bubalus bubalis, Biodiversity, Egyptian buffalo,

Microsatellites, Genetic improvement, Milk production, Characterization, Genetic resources"